低危患者（分化型甲状腺癌低风险组的占85%~90%，包括乳头状癌和滤泡状癌）不能从碘治疗中受益

碘治疗指征：明显的腺外侵犯、血管侵犯、多发淋巴结转移、全切除术后持续高甲状腺球蛋白，远处转移北京大学肿瘤医院头颈外科于文斌

碘治疗在降低复发率和提高生存率方面的潜在好处仍存在争议，无大规模随机临床试验（以下为主要文献）

21. Sawka AM, Thephamongkhol K, Brouwers M, Thabane L, Browman G, Gerstein HC. Clinical review 170: a systematic review and metaanalysis of the effectiveness of radioactive iodine remnant ablation for welldifferentiated thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Aug;89

(8):3668-76.

22. Hay ID, Thompson GB, Grant CS, Bergstralh EJ, Dvorak CE, Gorman CA, et al. Papillary thyroid carcinoma managed at the Mayo Clinic during six decades (1940-1999): temporal trends in initial therapy and longterm outcome in 2444 consecutively treated patients. World J Surg. 2002

Aug;26(8):879-85.

23. Mazzaferri EL, Kloos RT. Clinical review 128: current approaches to primary therapy for papillary and follicular thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Apr;86(4):1447-63.